Ho Chi Minh
and
the Vietnam War
(1890 – 1969)
He was a sailor, a school teacher and he studied French. He moved to Paris, read books about Karl Marx and later he became a communist and helped found the French Communist Party on 1920. He believed that all communists should go back to their countries to guide and lead the people so they could fight for their freedom and independence. He could not return to Vietnam because he was in danger of being arrested by the French autorithies that controlled Vietnam, so he moved to China near the border of Vietnam. When the French surrendered to the Japanese, Ho and other exiled members saw this as an opportunity and formed an organization called the Vietminh and began a guerilla campaign against the Japanese. They received supplies (weapons, etc. ) from the Soviet Union and after Pearl Harbor, they also received from the USA.
After World War II ended they took ever the control of Vietnam. In 1945, Ho Chi Minh announced the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. While this happened, F. D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and J. Stalin decided that Vietnam would be divided in two: the northern half under Chinese control and the southern half under British control.
France refused to recognize the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and tried to re-establish control. In 1946, Britain agreed to remove its troops and China also agreed in exchange that France would give up its rights to territory in China. Mao Zedong helped to defeat Chaing Kai-Shek, giving the Vietminh a base so they could have a better chance against the French forces. France tried to ease the situation and offered to help set up a national government and promised to give Vietnam its independence. Ho Chi Minh with other leaders did not believe this and continued the war.
In 1954, Vietnam was divided and Ho Chi Minh led the North. Communist with capital in Hanoi. South with Ngo Dinh Diem as the "puppet" western leader with Saigon as capital. The South refused in 1955 to hold elections so they could reunify Vietnam as it was established in the Berlin Conference the year before. The Communist government declared that they wanted to unify Vietnam and control it. The communists made guerillas against Diem government and created the National Liberation Front. The Diem government had american support with the Friendship and cooperation treaty as agreed with president Kennedy. In 1963, Coupe d'etat, they were able to defeat Diem government, so communism advanced. A year later, Lyndon B. Johnson decided to bomb North Vietnam and sent troops to the south.
This war went for a long time killing thousands, leaving great impacts in society and giving great damage to American politics. After a lot of civil protests, global opinions that were against it and the Nixon Doctrine, in 1973 they were peace talks but it was not until 1975 that the National Liberation Front was declared as victorious ending the war.
The Domino Theory
It was an american theory that believed that if one country was communist that all the other countries would become communist too. IT was reffered to as domino due to the effect there is when a domino piece falls down and it brings down all the other domino pieces aligned after it.
and
the Vietnam War
(1890 – 1969)
He was a sailor, a school teacher and he studied French. He moved to Paris, read books about Karl Marx and later he became a communist and helped found the French Communist Party on 1920. He believed that all communists should go back to their countries to guide and lead the people so they could fight for their freedom and independence. He could not return to Vietnam because he was in danger of being arrested by the French autorithies that controlled Vietnam, so he moved to China near the border of Vietnam. When the French surrendered to the Japanese, Ho and other exiled members saw this as an opportunity and formed an organization called the Vietminh and began a guerilla campaign against the Japanese. They received supplies (weapons, etc. ) from the Soviet Union and after Pearl Harbor, they also received from the USA.
After World War II ended they took ever the control of Vietnam. In 1945, Ho Chi Minh announced the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. While this happened, F. D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and J. Stalin decided that Vietnam would be divided in two: the northern half under Chinese control and the southern half under British control.
France refused to recognize the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and tried to re-establish control. In 1946, Britain agreed to remove its troops and China also agreed in exchange that France would give up its rights to territory in China. Mao Zedong helped to defeat Chaing Kai-Shek, giving the Vietminh a base so they could have a better chance against the French forces. France tried to ease the situation and offered to help set up a national government and promised to give Vietnam its independence. Ho Chi Minh with other leaders did not believe this and continued the war.
In 1954, Vietnam was divided and Ho Chi Minh led the North. Communist with capital in Hanoi. South with Ngo Dinh Diem as the "puppet" western leader with Saigon as capital. The South refused in 1955 to hold elections so they could reunify Vietnam as it was established in the Berlin Conference the year before. The Communist government declared that they wanted to unify Vietnam and control it. The communists made guerillas against Diem government and created the National Liberation Front. The Diem government had american support with the Friendship and cooperation treaty as agreed with president Kennedy. In 1963, Coupe d'etat, they were able to defeat Diem government, so communism advanced. A year later, Lyndon B. Johnson decided to bomb North Vietnam and sent troops to the south.
This war went for a long time killing thousands, leaving great impacts in society and giving great damage to American politics. After a lot of civil protests, global opinions that were against it and the Nixon Doctrine, in 1973 they were peace talks but it was not until 1975 that the National Liberation Front was declared as victorious ending the war.
The Domino Theory
It was an american theory that believed that if one country was communist that all the other countries would become communist too. IT was reffered to as domino due to the effect there is when a domino piece falls down and it brings down all the other domino pieces aligned after it.
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